Yorkshire Terrier: Information Guide for This Small Dog Breed

The Yorkshire Terrier, or Yorkie, is a small dog breed beloved for its lively personality, elegant appearance, and endless charm. Despite their petite size, Yorkies are full of spunk and affection, making them a popular choice for dog lovers worldwide. If you’re considering bringing a Yorkshire Terrier into your life, this comprehensive guide will tell you everything you need to know about this remarkable small dog breed, from its history to its health and beyond.

What Is the History of the Yorkshire Terrier Small Dog Breed?

The Yorkshire Terrier small dog breed originated in England during the mid-19th century. Surprisingly, this glamorous-looking breed wasn’t always associated with elegant city life. Yorkies were initially bred by working-class weavers and laborers in Yorkshire and Lancashire counties, where they were used to catch rats in textile mills and mines.

Yorkshire Terriers emerged from a mix of terrier breeds brought to England by Scottish immigrants, including the now-extinct Clydesdale Terrier, Paisley Terrier, and possibly the Maltese. These terriers were selectively bred for their small size and agility, which allowed them to excel at hunting rodents in tight spaces.

Yorkies quickly gained popularity beyond their working roots. Their striking, silky coats and compact size made them fashionable pets among Victorian society, and they soon became an emblem of style and companionship. Today, Yorkshire Terriers are one of the most popular small dog breeds in the world, known for their beauty, loyalty, and big personalities.

How Big Are Yorkshire Terriers and What Do They Look Like?

Size and Weight

The Yorkshire Terrier small dog breed is typically tiny, with adults standing about 7 to 8 inches tall at the shoulder and weighing between 4 and 7 pounds. Their delicate bone structure and lightweight frame make them one of the most petite dog breeds, ideally suited for apartment living and city life.

Coat Types and Colors

Yorkies are famous for their long, luxurious, silky coats, which resemble human hair more than typical dog fur. Their coats are usually straight and can grow down to the floor if left untrimmed. Unlike most dogs, Yorkshire Terriers don’t have an undercoat, meaning they shed very little and are often considered hypoallergenic. Yorkies’ coats typically come in two primary color patterns: black and tan when young, transitioning to a beautiful steel blue and gold as they mature.

Distinctive Features

Yorkshire Terriers have distinctive, alert expressions with small, erect, V-shaped ears and dark, inquisitive eyes. Their snouts are short, and their faces often convey a sense of playfulness. While they may look delicate, Yorkies carry themselves with confidence and poise, a reminder of their tenacious terrier spirit.

What Is the Yorkshire Terrier’s Temperament Like?

Yorkshire Terriers are known for their spirited, outgoing personalities. Despite their small size, they possess a big-dog attitude and are often fearless in unfamiliar situations. Here’s a deeper look at the temperament of this small dog breed:

• Affectionate and Loyal: Yorkies form strong bonds with their owners and are known for being loyal and loving. They enjoy being close to their humans and often develop a particular attachment to one person in the family.

• Energetic and Playful: Yorkies may be small, but they have plenty of energy. They enjoy playtime and mental stimulation, which keeps them engaged and happy.

• Protective: Despite their small stature, Yorkies are quite protective of their loved ones. They can act as tiny watchdogs, alerting their owners to strangers or unusual sounds.

Behavior with Children and Other Pets

Yorkshire Terriers can be good family dogs but may not be ideal for families with very young children, as their small size makes them susceptible to injury. Older children who know how to handle a dog gently are better suited for this small dog breed. Yorkies generally get along with other pets, though their terrier instincts may make them a bit territorial. Early socialization can help reduce any tendencies toward jealousy or possessiveness.

How Much Exercise Does the Yorkshire Terrier?

Yorkshire Terriers have moderate exercise needs, and due to their small size, they don’t require a lot of space to be active. A couple of short walks each day combined with playtime indoors usually fulfills their exercise needs. Yorkies enjoy activities like light fetch, hide-and-seek, and puzzle toys that engage their minds.

This breed is highly adaptable and can thrive in apartments without a yard. However, regular daily activity is essential for their physical and mental health, as Yorkies can become bored or restless without it.

What Are the Grooming Requirements for Yorkshire Terriers?

Grooming a Yorkshire Terrier is a significant part of their care routine, especially if you choose to maintain their long, luxurious coat. Here’s what to know about grooming this small dog breed:

Coat Care and Shedding

Yorkies don’t shed much, making them a good choice for people with mild allergies. However, their hair grows continuously, like human hair, so they require regular grooming. If you keep your Yorkie’s coat long, daily brushing with a soft-bristle or pin brush is necessary to prevent tangling and matting. For owners who prefer a lower-maintenance option, a “puppy cut” (short, even trim) can make grooming easier.

Professional Grooming Needs

Yorkshire Terriers often benefit from professional grooming every 4-6 weeks, depending on their coat length and style. Regular trimming around the face and paws can also help keep them looking tidy and prevent hair from obstructing their vision.

What Health Issues Are Common in Yorkshire Terriers?

Like many small dog breeds, Yorkshire Terriers are prone to certain health conditions. Here are some of the most common issues to watch for:

• Dental Problems: Due to their small mouths, Yorkies often struggle with dental overcrowding, which can lead to tooth decay and gum disease. Regular brushing and professional dental cleanings are essential.

• Luxating Patella: This condition, where the kneecap dislocates from its normal position, is common in small breeds and can cause discomfort or lameness. Surgical correction may be necessary in severe cases.

• Tracheal Collapse: Yorkshire Terriers have sensitive windpipes, and tracheal collapse can cause difficulty breathing. Using a harness instead of a collar is recommended to avoid pressure on their neck.

• Hypoglycemia: Yorkie puppies are prone to low blood sugar, especially during times of stress or after physical exertion. Owners should be mindful of any signs of lethargy, shaking, or disorientation.

• Portosystemic Shunt (PSS): This is a congenital liver condition where blood bypasses the liver, leading to toxins building up in the bloodstream. It may require special diets or, in some cases, surgery.

Regular veterinary check-ups and preventive care can help manage or reduce the risk of these conditions. Feeding them a well-balanced diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and using caution with physical exertion can also contribute to their long-term health.

How Long Do Yorkshire Terriers Typically Live?

Yorkshire Terriers have a relatively long lifespan for a small dog breed, with an average expectancy of 12-15 years. Some factors that influence their lifespan include genetics, diet, exercise, and preventive health care. Regular vet visits, a nutritious diet, and an active lifestyle can all contribute to a healthy, long life for a Yorkshire Terrier.

Is a Yorkshire Terrier Suitable for Your Home?

Yorkshire Terriers are highly adaptable and can thrive in various living situations, from apartments to houses. Due to their small size and relatively low exercise needs, they’re particularly well-suited to apartment living. However, their size and grooming needs may make them less suitable for very busy households or families with young children.

Yorkies are also sensitive to temperature extremes, especially cold weather. If you live in a cooler climate, a sweater or coat may be necessary for your Yorkie during outdoor walks. This small dog breed is well-suited to single people, families with older children, or seniors who want a lively yet manageable companion.

How Easy Is It to Train a Yorkshire Terrier?

Yorkshire Terriers are intelligent and can be easy to train with consistency and positive reinforcement. However, they can also be a bit stubborn, a trait common in terriers. Short, fun training sessions that use treats and praise work best, as Yorkies may lose interest quickly.

Housebreaking a Yorkie can sometimes be challenging, as small breeds generally have smaller bladders and may require more frequent bathroom breaks. Crate training can be helpful for housebreaking. While they’re eager to please, Yorkies need gentle yet firm guidance to prevent “small dog syndrome,” where they may try to assert dominance in the household.

How Much Do Yorkshire Terriers Bark?

Yorkshire Terriers are known for their vocal tendencies, often barking at the slightest sound or disturbance. They’re naturally alert and protective, so barking can be their way of “watching out” for their family. Common triggers include strangers, unfamiliar sounds, and even boredom.

With patience and consistent training, Yorkshire Terriers can learn to control their barking. Teaching them a “quiet” command and using positive reinforcement can help reduce excessive barking, making them better suited for quieter living environments.

How Important Is Socialization for Yorkshire Terriers?

Socialization is essential for Yorkshire Terriers to help them develop into well-rounded dogs. Early socialization with people, other dogs, and various environments can prevent fearfulness or aggression. This small dog breed tends to be protective and sometimes wary of strangers, so consistent, positive exposure to new experiences is crucial to developing a balanced temperament.

What is the Proper Diet for Yorkshire Terriers?

Yorkies require a balanced, high-quality diet suitable for small breeds. Due to their small stomachs, it’s best to feed them small meals throughout the day rather than one large meal. Their diet should include quality protein, moderate fat, and essential vitamins and minerals.

Because of their susceptibility to dental problems, dry kibble is often recommended to help keep their teeth clean. Some Yorkies may have sensitive stomachs or food allergies, so a consistent diet free from fillers and artificial ingredients is ideal.

What Is the Cost of Owning a Yorkshire Terrier?

The cost of owning a Yorkshire Terrier can vary, but here’s a breakdown of common expenses:

• Food: High-quality food for small dogs typically costs $15-30 per month.

• Grooming: Professional grooming can cost $40-60 per session, especially if maintaining a longer coat style.

• Healthcare: Routine vet visits, vaccinations, and preventive care can add up to around $300-600 annually. Specialized health care for breed-specific issues can increase these costs.

• Miscellaneous: Toys, bedding, and basic supplies can add another $100-200 annually.

Yorkies can be a bit more costly due to grooming needs and potential health issues, but their long lifespan means they’ll be part of your family for many years.

Should You Get a Yorkshire Terrier from a Breeder or a Rescue?

Yorkshire Terriers are available from both breeders and rescues. If you choose to get a Yorkie from a breeder, ensure they’re reputable and provide health screenings for common genetic issues. Adopting from a rescue can also be a great option, as many Yorkies in rescues need loving homes. Both options offer the opportunity to bring a wonderful Yorkshire Terrier small dog breed into your life, whether as a puppy or an adult dog.

FAQs About the Yorkshire Terrier

The Yorkshire Terrier small dog breed is a lively, affectionate, and loyal companion perfect for those who appreciate a spirited and stylish dog. With proper care, training, and affection, a Yorkshire Terrier can make a wonderful addition to any household. Whether you’re drawn to their vibrant personality, beautiful coat, or bold attitude, the Yorkshire Terrier may be the perfect small dog breed for you.